Ribosome

The ribosome is a cell organelle made of ribosomal RNA molecules and proteins that form a factory for protein synthesis in cells.

In 1955, George E. Palade discovered ribosomes and described them as small particles in the cytoplasm that preferentially associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.

Ribosomes occur both as free particles in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and as particles attached to the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells.

Along with other scientists, Palade discovered that ribosomes performed protein synthesis in cells, and he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1974 for his work.

Each ribosome has a large component and a small component that together form a single unit composed of several ribosomal RNA molecules and dozens of proteins.

The ribosome is responsible for translating encoded messages from messenger RNA molecules to synthesize proteins from amino acids.