Measure Words

1. A loaf of bread - एक पाव रोटी

2. A piece of paper - पेपर का एक टुकड़ा

3. A slice of pizza - pizza का एक हिस्सा

4. A bolt of lightening - बिजली की चमक

5. A deck of cards - ताश के पत्तों की गड्डी

6. A bunch of bananas - केले का गुच्छा

7. A tube of toothpaste - टूथपेस्ट की एक ट्यूब

8. A gallon of gasoline - गैसोलीन का एक गैलन

9. A kilo of sugar - एक किलो चीनी

10. A can of pepsi - पेप्सी का डिब्बा

11. A box of cereal - अनाज का डिब्बा

12. A bowl of soup - सूप का कटोरा

13. A tub of margarine - मक्खन का टब

14. A bar of soap - साबुन की टिकिया

15. A carton of milk - दूध का बक्सा

➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖

How '-ing' verbs are made:

1. y ing = ying

play = playing

fly = flying

study = studying

2. e = (drop the e) ing If the verb ends in an E we remove the E and add ING.

dance - dancing

fake = faking

rhyme = rhyming

3. ee ing = eeing

see = seeing

flee = fleeing

agree = agreeing

4. ie = ie (drop the ie) ing If the verb ends in IE we change it to YING.

die = dying

lie = lying

tie = tying

5. c/v/c = double final c ing If the verb ends in a consonant vowel consonant, we double the final consonant and add ING.

run = running

put = putting

stop = stopping

6. If a two-syllable verb ends in a consonant vowel consonant, we do not double the final consonant when the stress is on the first syllable.

Infinitive - ING form

to happen - happening

to enter - entering

to offer - offering

to suffer - suffering

7. We do not double the final consonant when the verb ends in W, X or Y or when the final syllable is not emphasized.

Infinitive - ING form

to fix - fixing

to enjoy - enjoying

to snow - snowing

8. If the verb ends in a stressed vowel R, we double the final R and add ING.

Infinitive - ING form

refer - referring

defer - deferring

9. If the verb ends in an unstressed vowel R, we do not double the final R and add ING.

Infinitive - ING form

to offer - offering

to suffer - suffering

to whisper - whispering

➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖

Some phrases and words that can help you to connect ideas and make your essay more organic -

To add and ideas use the following phrases -
Furthermore
Moreover
Correspondingly
Similarly
Whereas
As well as
Along with/coupled with 
In addition to
For instance
As an example
A case in point
A telling example

To show cause
Accordingly
Consequenty
Because
As a result/consequence 
For this reason/purpose
Therefore
Thereupon

To show contrast
Comparatively
Different from
Even though
Although
Conversely
Instead
In comparison
Whereas
On the other hand/contrary
Besides
Otherwise

To add emphasis
Above all
Certainly
Assuredly
Particularly
Unquestionably

Common word roots:

Anti - when the meaning is 'against' or 'preventing'. (is generally used before the word) (Anti का इस्तेमाल किसी शब्द का विपरीत दर्शाने के लिए किया जाता है)

Antibacterial - ऐसी दवाई जिससे कीटाणु का नाश हो

Antipathy - अच्छी भावना नहीं होना

Anti-slavery - गुलामी ना करने वाला

Anti-social - मिलनसार ना होना

Ful - to represent "full of" something (पूर्ण रूप से)

Beautiful - सौन्दर्य से भरा

Disgraceful - अपमान से भरा

Painful - कष्टों से भरा

Youthful - जवानी से भरा

Im - to represent "opposite" of something (Im का इस्तेमाल किसी शब्द का विपरीत दर्शाने के लिए किया जाता है)

Imbalance - असंतुलन

Immaterial - अनावश्यक

Immature - अविकसित

Impurity - अपवित्रता 

Pre -  to represent "before" of something (किसी कार्य के पहले का काम दर्शाने के लिए "pre" का इस्तेमाल होता है)

Prearrange - पहले ही प्रबन्ध करना

Precaution - पहले से सावधान होना

Predict - पहले से बतलाना

Pre-war - युद्ध से पहले

Re - is used to do something again: (किसी कार्य को दोबारा करना)

React - किसी कार्य को दोबारा करना

Rebuilt - दुबारा बनाया हुआ

Reform - किसी कार्य को सुधारने के लिए दोबारा करना

Repeat - दोबारा करना

Scribe - means, to write (लिखनेवाला)

Describe - विवरण करना

Inscribe - अंकित करना

Transcribe - प्रतिलेखन

Circumscribe - प्रतिबंध लगाना

Ular - means, resembling (समान होना)

Circular -  गोले के जैसा

Granular -  दानों के जैसा

Muscular -  बलवान

Tubular -  नली के जैसा

VOCABULARY

1.Cling On To (Phrasal Verb)-to be unwilling to lose something or try very hard to keep something.

2.Mounting (Adj)-increasing, often in a manner that causes or expresses worry. बढ़ता हुआ

3.Crackdown (N)-a series of severe measures to restrict undesirable or illegal people or behaviour. कार्रवाई

4.Dictator (N)-a ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained control by force. तानाशाह

5.Crack Down (Phrasal Verb)-to take strong action to stop something. कड़ी कार्यवाही करना

6.Coercive (Adj)-relating to or using force or threats. बलपूर्वक, अनिवार्य

7.Rigged (Adj)-to influence something such as an election in a dishonest way in order to produce a particular result.

8.Thrown Their Weight (Phrase)-To use one's influence or power to support or promote someone or something.

9.Beleaguered (Adj)-experiencing a lot of criticism and difficulties. परेशान

10.Tide Over (Phrasal Verb)-to help somebody during a difficult period by providing what they need.

11.Woes (N)-great sorrow or distress. संकट

12.Die Down (Phrasal Verb)- to gradually become less strong.

13.Wreak Havoc (Idiom)-to cause a lot of damage or problems.

14.Propping Up (Phrasal Verb)-to give help, encouragement, or support to (someone).

15. Daunting (Adj)-seeming difficult to deal with in prospect; intimidating. कठिन, चुनौतीपूर्ण

16..Quest (N)-a long or arduous search for something. खोज

17.Inoculated (V)-treat with a vaccine to produce immunity against a disease; vaccinate. टीका

18.Laudable (Adj)-(of an action, idea, or aim) deserving praise and commendation. प्रशंसनीय

19.Paucity (N)-the condition of having very little or not enough of something. कमी

20.Stringent (Adj)-(of regulations, requirements, or conditions) strict, precise, and exacting. सख्त

One word substituation

1. People who work together (एक साथ काम करने वाले लोग) 

➥Colleagues

2. A person belonging to one's own country (अपने ही देश का एक व्यक्ति  )

➥Compatriot

3. One who is completely self-satisfied (जो पूर्णतः आत्मसंतुष्ट है)

➥Complacent

4. One who sells sweets and pastries (मिठाई और पेस्ट्री बेचने वाला)

➥Confectioner

5. Belonging to an individual from birth (जन्म से किसी व्यक्ति से संबंधित )

➥Congenital

6. One who believes in keeping things and customs as they are 

(जो चीजों और रीति-रिवाजों को यथावत रखने में विश्वास रखता है )

➥Conservative

7. A number of stars grouped together (कई तारे एक साथ समूहित होते हैं )

➥Constellation

8. One who lives at the same time (एक ही समय में रहने वाला)

➥Contemporary

9. A person who lives in a foreign country (एक व्यक्ति जो एक विदेशी देश में रहता है )

➥Alien

10. One who takes part in sports and other activities for enjoyment only (जो केवल मनोरंजन के लिए खेल और अन्य गतिविधियों में भाग लेता है )

➥Amateur

➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖

Vocabulary

1. Aligning: (verb) bringing into coordination or agreement; संरेखित करना

Synonyms: coordinating, synchronizing, harmonizing

Antonyms: conflicting, diverging, opposing

Example: The team worked on aligning their goals and strategies for better collaboration.

2. Envoy: (noun) a representative or messenger, especially one sent on a diplomatic mission; प्रतिनिधि

Synonyms: ambassador, diplomat, emissary

Antonyms: adversary, opponent, foe

Example: The president appointed a special envoy to negotiate peace talks between the two countries.

3. Communiques: (noun) official announcements or statements, especially in written form; संचार

Synonyms: messages, bulletins, releases

Antonyms: silence, secrecy, non-disclosure

Example: The government issued several communiques to update the public on the ongoing situation.

4. Sought: (verb) past tense of "seek," meaning to search for or try to obtain; खोजना

Synonyms: looked for, searched, pursued

Antonyms: ignored, disregarded, abandoned

Example: She sought guidance from her mentor before making an important decision.

5.Outreach: (noun) an effort to extend help, services, or communication to a wider community or audience; पहुँच

Synonyms: extension, expansion, outreach program

Antonyms: isolation, exclusion, segregation

Example: The organization launched an outreach campaign to provide healthcare services to remote areas.

6. Amplify: (verb) to make louder, stronger, or more significant; बढ़ाना

Synonyms: enhance, magnify, intensify

Antonyms: diminish, reduce, weaken

Example: The speaker used a microphone to amplify her voice and reach the entire audience.

7. Forefront: (noun) the leading or most prominent position or place; मुख्यता

Synonyms: forefront, forefront, vanguard

Antonyms: background, rear, periphery

Example: The company's innovative products brought it to the forefront of the industry.

8. Spearheading: (verb) leading or initiating an effort, campaign, or movement; मुख्य नेता होना

Synonyms: leading, initiating, driving

Antonyms: following, lagging, trailing

Example: She played a key role in spearheading the environmental conservation project.

9. Proliferation: (noun) rapid or widespread increase or growth; प्रसार

Synonyms: expansion, multiplication, spread

Antonyms: reduction, decline, contraction

Example: The proliferation of smartphones has changed the way people communicate and access information.

10. Impeccable: (adjective) flawless, without any mistakes or faults; निष्पक्ष

Synonyms: faultless, perfect, impeccable

Antonyms: flawed, imperfect, defective

Example: She has an impeccable sense of style and always looks well put-together.

11. Elitist: (adjective) favoring or promoting the interests of a privileged or exclusive group; अलीत

Synonyms: exclusive, privileged, snobbish

Antonyms: inclusive, egalitarian, democratic

Example: The club was criticized for its elitist membership policies and high fees.

12. Heft: (noun) weight or heaviness, especially in a physical sense; वजन

Synonyms: weight, heaviness, bulk

Antonyms: lightness, insignificance, triviality

Example: She struggled with the heft of the suitcase as she tried to lift it onto the overhead compartment.

13. "Elephants in the room": (idiom) important and obvious issues or problems that are being ignored or avoided; कठोर समस्या जो सबके सामने होती है पर उसे कोई नहीं देखता है

Example: The tension between the two colleagues was the elephant in the room that no one wanted to address.

Formal Telephone Communication

BEGINNING A CALL - कॉल शुरू करना

1. “Thank you for calling Smith Publishing. How may I direct your call?”

To introduce - अपना परिचय देना

2. “Hello, this is Jack Smith”

Ask to speak to somebody - किसी से बात करने के लिए पूछना

3. “May I speak with…?”

Give a reason - बात करने का कारण देना 

4. “I’m calling about the job opening I saw in the newspaper.”

Asking who is calling - पूछना कि - "कौन बोल रहा है"

5. May I ask who's calling?

When the call is being transferred - जब कॉल ट्रांसफर हो रही हो

6. “One moment please – I’ll put you through.”

HOLDING THE LINE - इंतज़ार करना

7. Please hold on.

One moment please. 

TAKING / LEAVING MESSAGES - मैसेज लेना/देना

8. If the person is unavailable - “I’m sorry, she’s out of town at the moment.”

9. Offering to take a message - “Would you like to leave a message?”

10. Replying to the offer - “Could you ask her to call me back?”

11. If you don't want to leave a message - “No thanks, I’ll call back later.”

CLARIFYING/CONFIRMING INFORMATION - जानकारी की पुष्टि करना

12. “Could you spell your last name for me?”

FINISHING A CALL - कॉल पूरा करना

13. “Well, it was nice talking with you."

Have a nice day!

Informal Telephone Communication

Introduction - अपना परिचय देना

14. Hey, it's Jack! 

Ask to speak to somebody - किसी से बात करने के लिए पूछना

15. “Can I speak to Peter?”

Asking someone to wait - किसी को इंतज़ार करने के लिए बोलना

16. Hang on a sec.

If you’re having difficulty hearing the other person on the phone. - जब आप किसी को फ़ोन में ठीक से सुन नहीं पा रहे हों

17. “There’s a lot of background noise – I can barely hear you.”

➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖

Voice-related words:

1. Breathy - loud breathing noise (तेज़ सांस लेने की आवाज़)

2. Thin - sound is high and is unpleasant to listen to (पतली आवाज़)

3. Brittle - sound which seems, you are about to cry (रो देने वाली आवाज़)

4. Dead - voice that has no emotion (आवाज़ जिसमें कोई emotions नहीं होते)

5. Appealing - an appealing voice that shows someone's needs help, agreement or approval (ऐसी आवाज़ जो मदद/सहानुभूति लेने के लिए लगाई जाए)

6. Fruity - to laugh in a deep or strong voice in a pleasant way (ज़ोर से हसना)

7. Gruff - voice that has a rough low sound (कर्कश)

8. Croaky - low rough voice that shows someone has a sore throat ख़राब गले वाली आवाज़

9. Disembodied - comes from someone who you cannot see (आवाज़ का सुनाई देना जिसे आप देख नहीं सकते)

10. Small - quiet voice शांत आवाज़

11. High-pitched - voice that is very high (ऊँची आवाज़)

12. Adenoidal - voice that seems to come through nose (नाक से निकाली गई आवाज़)

13. Monotonous - boring and unpleasant voice (उबाऊ आवाज़)

14. Husky - a deep voice that sounds attractive (कर्कश)

15. Flat - voice that has no intonations (doesn't go up and down) आवाज़ जिसमें स्वर ना हों

16. Guttural - sound that is deep and is made at the back of throat (कण्ठ से निकाली गई आवाज़)

17. Low - sound that is quiet and difficult to understand. (धीमी आवाज़ जिसे समझना मुश्किल हो)

18. Honeyed - nice and pleasant voice but one cannot trust the person who is speaking. (मीठी आवाज़)

19. Penetrating - sound that is high or loud that it makes you slightly uncomfortable. (असुखद आवाज़)

20. Silvery - silvery voice, sound that is clear, light and pleasant (मधुर आवाज़)

21. Orotund - loud and clear voice. (तेज़ और साफ़ आवाज़)

22. Grating - annoying voice (परेशान करने वाली आवाज़)

23. Plummy - way of speaking that is considered to be typical of an English person of an high social 

class.

24. Tight - expression shows that you are nervous and annoyed.

25. Wobbly - frightened voice and are about to cry. 

Top 35 IDIOM AND PHRASES

1. A big draw
Meaning - To get attraction/attention/success
Hindi Meaning- ध्यान खींचना, या सफलता पाना

2. A black sheep
Meaning - An unlucky person, Bad characters
Hindi Meaning- अषुभ व्यक्ति

3. A bolt from the blue
Meaning - An unexpected piece of news or event
Hindi Meaning- आकस्मिक घटना

4. A close shave
Meaning - Something achieved (or escape) by a narrow margin
Hindi Meaning- किसी चीज को बहुत कम रूप से प्राप्त करना

5. A closed book
Meaning - The subject or person that you
Hindi Meaning- अपरिचित बिषय या इंसान

6. A far cry
Meaning - Notably different
Hindi Meaning- काफी अलग

7. A hard nut  to crack
Meaning - A difficult problem
Hindi Meaning- गंभीर समस्या

8. A laughingstock
Meaning - A person or thing that is regarded as very foolish or ridiculous strange person

Hindi Meaning- मजाक का पात्र

9. A live wire
Meaning - Energetic
Hindi Meaning- उर्जावान

10. A man of God
Meaning - A male priest
Hindi Meaning- पुजारी

11. A man of straw
Meaning - A man with no voice or will of his own/ (a man of no substance
Hindi Meaning- मामूली या अभावग्रस्त आदमी

12. A match made in heaven
Meaning - A happy and harmonious marriage or partnership
Hindi Meaning- खुषी देने वाली षादी या साथी

13. A penelope’s web
Meaning - An endless job
Hindi Meaning- कभी खत्म न होने वाली नौकरी

14. A shot in the arm
Meaning - To encourage
Hindi Meaning- प्रौत्साहित करना

15. A shot in the dark
Meaning - A guess; without knowing what the result will be
Hindi Meaning- अँधेरे में तीर चलाना

16. A sore point with
Meaning - A subject that makes you feel angry or upset
Hindi Meaning- कोई पीड़ादायक बिषय

17. A thorn in the flesh
Meaning - A constant source of annoyance
Hindi Meaning- काम में हमेषा होने वाली बाधा

18. A white elephant
Meaning - An expensive but useless possession
Hindi Meaning- महॅगा लेकिन बेकार

19. A wild goose chase
Meaning - To try to impossible
Hindi Meaning- व्यर्थ का प्रयत्न

20. Achilles’ heels
Meaning - A small but fatal weakness
Hindi Meaning- कमजोर पक्ष, दुखती रग

21. Add fuel to fire
Meaning - To make a matter worse
Hindi Meaning- आग में घी डालना

22. Against all odds
Meaning - Despite many difficulties
Hindi Meaning- कई समस्याओं के बावजूद

23. All at sea
Meaning - Completely confused
Hindi Meaning- पूर्णरूपेण भ्रमित

24. All eye for an eye
Meaning - Tit for tat
Hindi Meaning- जैसे को तैसा

25. All eyes
Meaning - Watching very closely
Hindi Meaning- बहुत बारीक नजर रखना

26. All in all
Meaning - Most important
Hindi Meaning- सबसे महत्वपूर्ण

27. An acid test
Meaning - A critical test
Hindi Meaning- गंभीर परीक्षण

28. An arm chair job
Meaning - Good income job with high comfort
Hindi Meaning- आसान एवं अच्छी आय वाली नौकरी

29. An axe to grind
Meaning - Something done for selfish reasons
Hindi Meaning- स्वार्थ से भरा उद्देष्य

30. An iron will
Meaning - Strong will power
Hindi Meaning- दृढ़ इच्छा षक्ति

31. An old flame
Meaning - A person, one had a romantic relationship with, in the past.
Hindi Meaning- पुराना प्यार

32. An old head on young shoulders
Meaning - A child or young person who thinks and talks like an older and experienced person
Hindi Meaning- अपनी उम्र से ज्यादा समझदार होना

33. An olive branch
Meaning - Peace request/peace treaty
Hindi Meaning- शांति निवेदन

34. An open book
Meaning - To have no secret
Hindi Meaning- खुली किताब

35. Apple of discord
Meaning - Matter of dispute
Hindi Meaning- झगड़े का कारण

➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖

Important Speaking Sentences

1. वो अजीब बातें करता है- He talks strange. 

2. सीधे बैठो- Sit upright. 

3. मुझे ये सब मत बताओ- Don't tell me all this. 

4. क्या आप वाकई में सच कह रहे हैं- Do you really mean it? 

5. आपका गुस्सा जायज है- Your anger is justified. 

6. मजाक मत बनाओ- Don't make fun of him. 

7. दीवारों के भी कान होते हैं- Even the walls have ears. 

8. बढ़ा-चढ़ा कर मत बोलो- Don't exaggerate. 

9. किसी को बुरा मत बोलो- Don't speak I'll to anybody. 

10. मेरे रास्ते से हट जाओ- Move out of my way. 

11. गुस्सा थूक दो- Spit away the anger. 

12. कितनी शर्म की बात है- What a shame? 

13. वो बहुत पतला है- He is so skinny. 

14. गाड़ी से उतर जाओ- Get off the car. 

15. मेरा ऐसा मतलब नहीं है- I don't mean it. 

16. मैं काफी बेहतर महसूस कर रहा हूँ- I feel much better. 

17. ये मेरे लिए बड़ी बात है- It's a big deal for me. 

18. अपने दिमाग का इस्तेमाल करो- You use your brain. 

19. ये हुई न बात- That's the way. 

20. कृप्या अंदर आये- Please get in/Please come in. 

21. आपको क्या हुआ- What happened to you? 

22. इसका क्या मतलब है- What does it mean? 

23. मैं तुम्हारी मदद करूँगा- I will help you. 

24. कोई नहीं आया- Nobody came. 

25. मुझे दोनों पसन्द है- I like both. 

26. मुझे माफ़ कर दो- Please forgive me. 

27. कुछ तो बोलो- Say something. 

28. मुझे घर छोड़ दो- Drop me home. 

29. आपकी उम्र लम्बी हो- May you live long. 

30. ये तो होना ही था- This had to happen. 

31. पैर घसीटकर मत चलो- Don't drag your feet. 

32. सच हमेशा कड़वा होता है- The truth is always bitter. 

33. आप क्या करते हो- What do you do? 

34. आपको शांत रहना होगा- You need to remain calm. 

35. क्या बकवास है- What a nonsense! 

36. अपनी जीभ पर नियंत्रण रखें- Control your tongue. 

37. वो हकला रहा था- He was stammering. 

38. नजर न लगे- Touchwood. 

39. तमीज से बात करो- Behave yourself. 

40. मुझ पर विश्वास करो- Trust me.

One Word Substitution ।।

●Being unable to pay one's debt

=Insolvent

●The study of the functions of the body

=Physiology

●The science of foretelling events by stars

=Astrology

●Government by officials in a state

=Bureaucracy

●An office without any work but high pay

=Sinecure

● Medicine to counteract the effect of a poison

=Antidote

●An admirer of art

=Dilettante

●A man having the qualities of women

=Effeminate

●That which cannot be moved

=Immobile

●The study of insects

=Entomology

●Word for word

=Verbatim

●Wish to do good to others

=Benevolence

●Whose meaning is difficult to understand

=Abstruse

●Way out for water or steam

=Outlet

●Want of sleep

=Insomnia

●Usual behaviour of a social group

=Custom

●Use of mild words in place of words required by truth

=Euphemism

●Troops trained for dropped by parachute

 =Paratroops

●Touch or stroke lovingly

=Fondle / caress

●A traditional story related to deities

=Myth

●That which is pig like

=Porcine

●Thing to be corrected in a printed book

=Corrigendum

●Things taken by robbers

=Booty

●That which is lion like

=Leonine

●That which is fox like

=Vulpine

══━━━━━━━✧❂✧━━━━━━━══

🌟 Share with your friends 🌟

══━━━━━━━✧❂✧━━━━━━━══

One Word Substitution

1. A Place Where Animals Are Slaughtered For The Market 

👉Abattoir (कसाईखाना)

2. Shortening Something By Omitting Parts Of It 

👉Abbreviation (संक्षिप्त)

3. To Give Up A Throne Voluntarily

👉 Abdicate( त्यागना)

4. Voluntary Giving Up Of Throne In Favour Of Someone 

👉Abdication (त्याग)

5. Do Away With

👉 Abolish (समाप्त करना)

6. The Original Inhabitants Of A Country

👉 Aborigines (मुलनिवासी)

7. An Edition A Book In Which It Has Been Condensed 

👉Abridged( संगृहीत)

8. To Do Away With Rules 

👉Abrogate (अभिनिषेध करना)

9. Move Faster 

👉Accelerate (में तेजी लाने के)

10. Which Can Be Approached 

👉Accessible( सुलभ)

11. To Accustom Oneself In New Climate 

👉Acclimatize (जलवायु का अभ्यस्त

बनाना)

12. A Partner In Crime 

👉Accomplice (साथी)

13. Responsible For One's Actions 

👉Accountable (उत्तरदायी)

14. Make Oneself Familiar With A Person Or A Thing 

👉Acquaint (परिचित)

15. The Act Of Freeing A Person From A Charge By Verdict 

👉Acquittal (दोषमुक्ति)

16. Someone Versed In The Interpretation Of Numerical Data 

👉Actuary (मुंशी)

17. A Substance That Can Stick Or Cause Sticking 

👉Adhesive (गोंद)

18. The Period Between The Beginning Of Puberty And Adulthood

👉 Adolescence (किशोरावस्था)

19. To Falsify A Thing By Admixture Or Baser Ingredients 

👉Adulteration (मिलावट)

20. Person Who Pilots Or Travels In A Balloon Airship Or Other Aircraft 

👉Aeronaut (वायु-यान चलानेवाला)

21. Science Of Flight Of Aeroplanes

👉 Aeronautics (एयरोनॉटिक्स)

22. Fear Of Height 

👉Aerophobia (ऊंचाई का डर)

23. Person Who Claims To Have Great Love For Understanding Of What Is Beautiful In Nature , Art Etc 

👉 Aesthete 

24. A List Of Headings Of The Business To Be Transacted At A Meeting

👉 Agenda (कार्यसूची)

25. To Increase The Gravity Of An Offence Or The Intensity Of A Disease 

👉Aggravate (छेड़ना)

Idioms Based on Eye

(1) BIRD’S EYE VIEW→ a general view 

Ex:- His bird’s eye view of the market will help us beat our competitors.

 

(2) CATCH SOMEONE’S EYE→ gain attention 

Ex:- The beautiful diamond ring caught her daughter’s eye. 

 

(3) EAGLE EYE→ one who has the ability to see important details and notice mistakes 

Ex:- The editor has an eagle eye and he will catch the mistakes.

 

(4) HIT THE BULL’S EYE→ hit the target 

Ex:- You have hit the bull’s eye by getting the job.

(5) TURN A BLIND EYE→ ignore something which is wrong 

Ex:- He turned a blind eye to his son’s drinking and partying.

 

(6) IN THE PUBLIC EYE→ in the limelight / well-known 

Ex:- The politicians are in the public eye.

 

(7) SEE EYE TO EYE→ to agree with someone about something 

Ex:- The couple see eye to eye on everything and they rarely argue.

 

(8) KEEP AN EYE ON→ watch carefully  

Ex:- I am keeping an eye on the clock because I have to leave in 15 minutes.

══━━━━━━━✧❂✧━━━━━━━══

🌟 Share with your friends 🌟

══━━━━━━━✧❂✧━━━━━━━══

One Word Substitution

✎: A person who acts against religion

☛ One Word: Heretic

✎: A person of intellectual or erudite tastes

☛ One Word: Highbrow

✎: A patient with imaginary symptoms and ailments

☛ One Word: Hypochondriac

✎: A person who is controlled by wife

☛ One Word: Henpeck

✎: One who shows sustained enthusiastic action with unflagging vitality

☛ One Word: Indefatigable

✎: Someone who attacks cherished ideas or traditional institutions

☛ One Word: Iconoclast

✎: One who does not express himself freely

☛ One Word: Introvert

✎: Who behaves without moral principles

☛ One Word: Immoral

✎: A person who is incapable of being tampered with

☛ One Word: Impregnable

✎: One who is unable to pay his debts

☛ One Word: Insolvent

✎: A person who is mentally ill

☛ One Word: Lunatic

✎: A person who dislikes humankind and avoids human society

☛ One Word: Misanthrope

✎: A person who primarily concerned with making money at the expense of ethics

☛ One Word: Mercenary

✎: Someone in love with himself

☛ One Word: Narcissist

✎: One who collect coins as hobby

☛ One Word: Numismatist

✎: A person who likes or admires women

☛ One Word: Philogynist

✎: A lover of mankind

☛ One Word: Philanthropist

✎: A person who speaks more than one language

☛ One Word: Polyglot

✎: One who lives in solitude

☛ One Word: Recluse

✎: Someone who walks in sleep

☛ One Word: Somnambulist

Example sentences containing Correlative Conjunctions:

▪️either . . . or

●Ex : We can go to either Greece or Spain for our holiday.

●Ex : It’s my final offer – you can either take it or leave it.

▪️both . . . and

●Ex : Both rugby and football are popular in France.

●Ex : Both English and Welsh are spoken in Wales.

▪️not only . . . but also

●Ex : Not only is he a professional footballer, but he’s also a successful businessman.

▪️not . . . but

●Ex : There are not two but three Baltic states: Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.

●Ex : In sport, what counts is not the winning but the taking part.

▪️neither . . . nor

●Ex : Neither Norway nor Switzerland is in the European Union.

●Ex :Marriage is neither heaven nor hell, it is simply purgatory. (Abraham Lincoln)

▪️whether . . . or

●Ex : Whether you love them or hate them, you have to admit that the Rolling Stones are very popular.

●Ex : I’m totally confused – I don’t know whether I’m coming or going.

▪️no sooner . . . than

●Ex : No sooner had I finished watering the garden than it started raining.

➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖

Phrases on Secrets :

1. Keep it under wraps.

(कोई बात किसी को ना बताना)

2. My lips are sealed

(चुप रहना)

3. Don't spill the beans

(राज़ छिपा कर रखना)

4. Don't let the cat out of the bag

(पहले के राज़ ना बताना)

5. Behind closed doors

(रहस्यमयी जगह पर काम करना)

6. Give the game away

(रहस्य बता देना)

7. Keep it under your hat

(राज़ छिपा कर रखना) 

8. Mum's the word

(चुप्पी साधना)

9. On the quiet

(गुप्त रूप से)

10. In strict confidence

(व्यक्तिगत जानकारी छिपाए रखना)

11. Be as quiet as a mouse

(चुप रहना) 

12. On the sly

(छिपकर)

13. Don't dish the dirt

(चुगली ना करना)

14. Take the lid off

(किसी के राज़ बता देना)

15. To be a dark horse

(अपने विचारों को रहस्यमय रखना)

16. Off the record

(रहस्य जो अनौपचारिक रूप से निश्चित ना हो)

17. Poker face

(भावनाओ को छिपाना)

18. To bite/hold your tongue

(चुप रहना)

Common Error of the day

RULE – When verbs are placed after prepositions (other than ‘to’) , they should be in the gerund form (v1+ ing) except when they are used in infinitive form. 

I don’t believe in wasting time. ✔️

Let’s see some more examples

Mohit insisted on going to Mumbai. ✔️

P. V. Sindhu  was confident of winning the tournament.✔️

Note – The following phrases end in ‘to’ and are followed by ‘ing’  form of verb (gerund). 

👉Be used to, accustomed to, averse to, addicted to, look forward to, with a view to , owing to, devoted to, in addition to, object to, taken to, prone to. 

Examples

I am looking forward to meet her. ❌

I am looking forward to meeting her. ✔️

He is addicted to smoke. ❌

He is addicted to smoking. ✔️

Kareena kapoor is not accustomed to living a middle class lifestyle.✔️

I am used to wake up early morning. ❌

I am used to waking up early morning. ✔️

FIRST, SECOND, THIRD PERSON ORDER-

I and Tina will go to the market in the evening.❌ 

Tina and I will go to the market in the evening.✔️

RULE  – Good manners require that ‘singular pronouns’ should be in second person, third person, first person (231) order. But in plural, ‘we’ is used before ‘you’, that is, 123 order. Same order (123) is followed while referring to unpleasant acts.

👉Example - 

you and I will be punished. ❌

I and you will be punished.✔️

⚫Note: Unpleasant act, so 123 order will be followed.

You, we and they should now get down to work. ❌

We, you and they should now get down to work. ✔️

⚫Note: (plural pronouns so order will be 123)

Who का Use ।।

🔺 Who are you? तुम कौन हो?

🔺 Who are they? वो लोग कौन है?

🔺 Who is Speaking? कौन बोल रहा है?

🔺 Who is he? वह कौन है?

🔺 Who will help? कौन मदद करेगा?

🔺 Who can do it? कौन इसे कर सकता है?

🔺 Who came? कौन आया?

🔺 Who knows? किसे पता है?

🔺 Who slept ? कौन सोया?

🔺 Who did it? किसने किया?

🔺 Who went? कौन गया? 

🔺 Who is going? कौन जा रहा है?

🔺 Who tore? किसने फाड़ा?

🔺 Who hit you? किसने तुम्हें मारा?

🔺 Who is coming? कौन आ रहा है? 

🔺 Who is in? कौन अंदर है?

🔺 Who helps me? कौन मेरी मदद कर सकता है?

◆ ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬◆ ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ ◆