How '-ing' verbs are made:

1. y ing = ying

play = playing

fly = flying

study = studying

2. e = (drop the e) ing If the verb ends in an E we remove the E and add ING.

dance - dancing

fake = faking

rhyme = rhyming

3. ee ing = eeing

see = seeing

flee = fleeing

agree = agreeing

4. ie = ie (drop the ie) ing If the verb ends in IE we change it to YING.

die = dying

lie = lying

tie = tying

5. c/v/c = double final c ing If the verb ends in a consonant vowel consonant, we double the final consonant and add ING.

run = running

put = putting

stop = stopping

6. If a two-syllable verb ends in a consonant vowel consonant, we do not double the final consonant when the stress is on the first syllable.

Infinitive - ING form

to happen - happening

to enter - entering

to offer - offering

to suffer - suffering

7. We do not double the final consonant when the verb ends in W, X or Y or when the final syllable is not emphasized.

Infinitive - ING form

to fix - fixing

to enjoy - enjoying

to snow - snowing

8. If the verb ends in a stressed vowel R, we double the final R and add ING.

Infinitive - ING form

refer - referring

defer - deferring

9. If the verb ends in an unstressed vowel R, we do not double the final R and add ING.

Infinitive - ING form

to offer - offering

to suffer - suffering

to whisper - whispering

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