Non-Aligned Movement

🔆▪️About:

✅It is a forum of 120 developing world states that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc.

Origin:

✅The group was started in Belgrade, Yugoslavia in 1961.

It was created by Yugoslavia’s President, Josip Broz Tito, India’s first PM, Jawaharlal Nehru, Egypt’s second President Gamal Abdel Nasser, Ghana’s first president Kwame Nkrumah, and Indonesia’s first President, Sukarno.

✅The most important antecedent to the formation of the Non-Aligned Movement was the Bandung Conference of 1955.

▪️Objectives:

✅It has sought to "create an independent path in world politics that would not result in member States becoming pawns in the struggles between the major powers."

✅It identifies the right of independent judgment, the struggle against imperialism and neo-colonialism, and the use of moderation in relations with all big powers as the three basic elements that have influenced its approach.

✅At present, an additional goal is facilitating a restructuring of the international economic order.

▪️Principles:

✅Respect for fundamental human rights and of the objectives and principles of the Charter of the United Nations.

✅Respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries.

✅Recognition of equality among all races and of equality among all nations, both large and small.

✅Non-interference or non-intervention into the internal affairs of another country.

✅Respect the right of every nation to defend itself, either individually or collectively, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations.

✅Non-use of collective defence pacts to benefit the specific interests of any of the great powers.

✅Refraining from acts or threats of aggression and use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any nation.

✅Settlement of all international disputes by peaceful means.

Promotion of mutual interest and cooperation.

✅Respect for justice and international obligations.