born into Travancore royal family
Varma worked on both portrait and landscape paintings and is considered among the first Indian artists to use oil paints.
Apart from painting Hindu mythological figures, Varma also made portraits of many Indians as well as Europeans.
His most famous works include
Damayanti Talking to a Swan,
Shakuntala Looking for Dushyanta, Nair Lady Adorning Her Hair, and Shantanu and Matsyagandha.
In 1904, the British colonial government awarded Varma with the Kaiser-i-Hind Gold Medal.
In 2013, a crater on the planet Mercury was named in his honour.
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