The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India is the Constitutional Authority in India, established under Article 148 of the Constitution of India. He is empowered to Audit all receipts and expenditure of the Government of India and the State Governments, including those of autonomous bodies and corporations substantially financed by the Government.
➨ The CAG is also the statutory auditor of Government-owned corporations and conducts supplementary audit of government companies in which the Government has an equity share of at least 51 per cent or subsidiary companies of existing government companies.
➨ The reports of the CAG are laid before the Parliament/Legislatures and are being taken up for discussion by the Public Accounts Committees (PACs) and Committees on Public Undertakings (COPUs), which are special committees in the Parliament of India and the state legislatures.
➨ The CAG is also the head of the Indian Audit and Accounts Department, the affairs of which are managed by officers of Indian Audit and Accounts Service, and has 43,576 employees across the country (as on 01.03.2020).
➨ In 1971 the central government enacted the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (Duties, Powers, and Conditions of Service) Act, 1971.
➨ In 1976 CAG was relieved from accounting functions.
➨ Article 148 – 151 of the Constitution of India deal with the institution of the CAG of India.
➨ The CAG is ranked 9th and enjoys the same status as a sitting judge of Supreme Court of India in order of precedence. The former Lt. Governor of UT of Jammu Kashmir G. C. Murmu is the current CAG of India. He assumed office on 8 August 2020. He is the 14th CAG of India.
➨ The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India is appointed by the President of India.
➨ The CAG can be removed only on an address from both houses of parliament on the ground of proved misbehaviour or incapacity. The CAG vacates the office on attaining the age of 65 years or 6-year term, whichever is earlier or by impeachment process.
➨ The Constitution of India [Article 148] provides for an independent office to the CAG of India. He or she is the head of Indian Audit and Accounts Department. He/she has a duty to uphold the Constitution of India and laws of the Parliament to safeguard the interests of the public exchequer. The Indian Audit and Accounts Service aids the CAG in the discharge of his/her functions.
Duties of the CAG
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As per the provisions of the constitution, the CAG's (DPC) (Duties, Powers and Conditions of Service) Act, 1971 was enacted. As per the various provisions, the duties of the CAG include the audit of:
➨ Receipts and expenditure from the Consolidated Fund of India and of the State and Union Territory having legislative assembly.
➨ Trading, manufacturing, profit and loss accounts and balance sheets, and other subsidiary accounts kept in any Government department; Accounts of stores and stock kept in Government offices or departments.
➨ Government companies as per the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.
➨ Corporations established by or under laws made by Parliament in accordance with the provisions of the respective legislation.
➨ Authorities and bodies substantially financed from the Consolidated Funds of the Union and State Governments. Anybody or authority even though not substantially financed from the Consolidated Fund, the audit of which may be entrusted to the C&AG.
➨ Grants and loans given by Government to bodies and authorities for specific purposes.
➨ Entrusted audits e.g. those of Panchayati Raj Institutions and Urban Local Bodies under Technical Guidance & Support (TGS).
ЁЯТаList of Comptroller and Auditors General of IndiaЁЯТа
1. V. Narahari Rao➨1948➖1954
2. A. K. Chanda➨1954➖1960
3. A. K. Roy➨1960➖1966
4. S. Ranganathan➨1966➖1972
5. A. Bakshi➨1972➖1978
6. Gian Prakash➨1978➖1984
7. T. N. Chaturvedi➨1984➖1990
8. C. G. Somiah➨1990➖1996
9. V. K. Shunglu➨1996➖2002
10. V. N. Kaul➨2002➖2008
11. Vinod Rai➨2008➖2013
12. Shashi Kant Sharma➨2013➖2017
13. Rajiv Mehrishi➨2017➖2020
14. G. C. Murmu➨2020➖Incumbent
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