SLAVE DYNASTY (1206-1290 AD)

✅Qutub-ud-din Aibak Founded Slave dynasty. It is also known as Mamluk Dynasty.  

✅Aibak is considered as real founder of Muslim rule in India.  

▪️Qutub-ud-din Aibak (1206-1210): 

✅Founded First independent Turkish Kingdom in Indian & assumed the title ‘Sultan’.  

✅He was a slave of M. Ghori. 

✅He became independent after Ghuri’s death and began his rule in 1206 A.D.  

✅He Made Lahore capital. 

✅He is Known as ‘lakh Baksh’ or giver of lakhs as he gave a lot of liberal donations. 

✅ Aibak issued coins in gold, silver, billon and copper. He discarded carving the name of Abbasid caliph on it.  

▪️ART & ARCHITECTURE 

✅Aibak constructed 2 Mosques:  

1. Quwwat-ul-Islam (Delhi). 

2. Arhai din ka Jhonpara (Ajmer) 

✅He Started construction of the Qutub Minar dedicated to Sufi Saint, Khwaja Qutubuddin Bakthiyar Kaki - later completed by Iltutmish. 

✅He patronized Fakhar-ud-Din author of Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi & Hasan Nizami who wrote Tajul-Ma'asir, the first official history of the Delhi Sultanate.

▪️Aram Shah (1210):

 

✅Considered most incapable ruler. Thus Iltutmish (son-in-law of Aibak) was invited to Delhi à He then  

disposed of Aram Shah and became Sultan.

▪️Shamsuddin Iltutmish (1210-1236):

 

✅Belonged to Ilbari tribe hence named Ilbari dynasty. 

✅Aibak had appointed him as iqtadar of Gwalior. 

✅Real consolidator of Turkish rule in India and also Delhi.  

✅He Shifted capital from Lahore to Delhi.  

✅ Iltmush defeated Quabacha, who had declared himself independent ruler of Multan & seized Lahore & parts of Punjab.  

✅ Introduced Arabic coinage into India. Silver tanka became a standard coin in medieval India and also issued Copper jital. 

✅He Started Iqkta system. 

✅Completed the construction of Qutub Minar which was started by Aibak. 

✅Patronized Minas-us Siraj (writer) author of Minaj-us- siraj.  

✅ Created a new class of ruling elite of forty powerful military leaders, “The Forty” (Turkan-i-chahalgani).